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... He is accused of oversimplification (Hassner, 1997a;Pfaff, 1997), self-contradiction, (Heilbrunn, 1998), and relying too heavily on English-language sources. (Naff, 1998) His list of civilizations as well as their composition are challenged (Ikenberry, 1997;Pfaff, 1997;Smith, 1997;Tipson, 1997;Beedham, 1999). Many argue that his methodology is based wholly on selective anecdotes which his critics can easily counter with their own selective anecdotes (Gurr, 1994;Halliday, 1997), and that he does not provide any systematic analysis of the link between civilizational controversies and political behavior (Walt, 1997;Rosecrance, 1998;Senghass, 1998). ...

  • Jonathan Fox Jonathan Fox

This study addresses a gap in the quantitative literature which tests Samuel Huntington's Clash of Civilization theory (CoC). Nearly all of the quantitative studies which directly address the theory and most of those which indirectly test it find Huntington's theory lacking. However, few of these studies include data more recent than the mid-1990s. As the CoC theory posits that its predictions apply to the post-Cold War era (1990 onward) and will become increasingly apparent as time goes on, these predictions need to be examined for time periods more recent than the mid-1990s; however, some studies do not even have data as recent as 1990. Accordingly, this study examines domestic conflict using the Minorities at Risk data set (1945–2000) and the State Failure data set (1955–2001). The findings of this study are consistent with previous ones in that there is no sufficient evidence to support Huntington's paradigmatical claims. Civilizational conflicts were less common than non-civilizational ones for the entire time period tested. Also, civilizational conflicts did not become more violent relative to non-civilizational conflicts in the post-Cold War era. While the data used in this study are current only through the end of 2001, anecdotal evidence suggests that even after 9/11 his predictions, including those regarding an Islamic—Western clash, are unlikely to come true unless the prediction itself becomes a self-fulfilling prophecy.

... Indeed, as Vaos and Fleischmann highlight, contrary to their parents, some home-grown Muslims are cautious about cleaning the "real" Islam from cultural practices. 36 Incompatibility theories 37 speculated in the media, academia and dramatised in movies in an Islamophobic climate fuel the growing level of anxiety. Since 9/11 and the launch of the "war on terror", Muslims have been under heavy scrutiny. ...

  • Salih Yucel Salih Yucel

http://www.cambridgescholars.com/download/sample/62894

  • Radosław Zenderowski
  • Radek Zenderowski Radek Zenderowski

The purpose of this article is to answer several key questions relating to the issue of relations between religion and politics in their international dimension. The main topic of analysis is the perception of this reality in contemporary international relations theory. Author responds to three basic questions. First, the author points to the most important reasons for long-lasting process of ignoring religion as an important factor in international relations. Secondly, the author answers the question why one should pay particular attention to religion as a factor or even a participant in contemporary international relations. Thirdly, the author points to the ways in which research on religion and politics in the international dimension may be conducted in frame of particular paradigms of IR theory.

  • Agustín Lao Agustín Lao

En este texto el autor presenta una definición de la crisis de la civilización occidental, indaga en sus orígenes y propone una relación con la colonialidad del poder y la modernidad capitalista. Explora de la crisis sus expresiones culturales, ecológicas, alimentarias y energéticas, así como sus implicaciones en la democracia liberal frente a la Nueva Ola de Movimientos Antisistémicos.

  • Jay E. Gary Jay E. Gary

Gary, J. E. (2006). The future of business as mission: An inquiry into macro-strategy. In T. Steffen & M. Barrett (Eds.), Business as mission: From impoverishment to empowered (pp. 253-273). Pasadena, CA: William Carey Library. Recently 'Business as Mission' has emerged as a world evangelization strategy. It operates at the micro-level of cross-cultural witness and at the meso-level of new business formation. But 21st century macro-level forces such as terrorism, climate change, oil shortages, and national debt could increasingly challenge the global business growth paradigm. The transition beyond the industrial age may drive us back to Jesus' vision of societal transformation, enabling missions once again to be an agent in recreating the world.

This study examines the expansion process of women's magazines in China, particularly over the past few decades. From 1921 to 1976 only a few women's magazines were available in China and all were owned and published by the government. However, since the late 1980s, there has been a proliferation of women's magazines – both local and international. Today, Chinese language versions of Western women's magazines, such as Elle, Vogue, Cosmopolitan, and Harper's Bazaar, and Japanese magazines like Rayli can be found on the magazine racks of any major city in China. The introduction and competition from international magazines has changed the look and content of local women's magazines. This preliminary study uses historical analysis and political economy to examine the growth of women's magazines in China and to discuss how the changing face of women's media represents a shift in gender ideology in China.

  • David Wilkinson

combination of atomisms and as a coherent field, itself an atomism on an-other level of interaction [1, p 37-38]. "Complex systems have embedded in-teriors with many interacting parts, networks, and fields. From a mechani-cal point of view, emergent field pro-cesses often lead to'surprising'results that are not reducible to a mechanical or deterministic account" [2, 8/8/2002, p xxiii). Indeed, "complexity" is in-formational: complex systems surprise and educate their observers by their unpredicted, and therefore informative, behavior.

  • John Maynard Keynes

This book was originally published by Macmillan in 1936. It was voted the top Academic Book that Shaped Modern Britain by Academic Book Week (UK) in 2017, and in 2011 was placed on Time Magazine's top 100 non-fiction books written in English since 1923. Reissued with a fresh Introduction by the Nobel-prize winner Paul Krugman and a new Afterword by Keynes' biographer Robert Skidelsky, this important work is made available to a new generation. The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money transformed economics and changed the face of modern macroeconomics. Keynes' argument is based on the idea that the level of employment is not determined by the price of labour, but by the spending of money. It gave way to an entirely new approach where employment, inflation and the market economy are concerned. Highly provocative at its time of publication, this book and Keynes' theories continue to remain the subject of much support and praise, criticism and debate. Economists at any stage in their career will enjoy revisiting this treatise and observing the relevance of Keynes' work in today's contemporary climate.

  • Andre Gunder Frank

The abstract for this document is available on CSA Illumina.To view the Abstract, click the Abstract button above the document title.

  • Joel Mokyr Joel Mokyr

Why are some nations more technically creative than others and why do some highly innovative societies eventually stagnate? In this provocative study of the value and meaning of technological advance, Joel Mokyr considers how past physical and social conditions have influenced the development and reception of new ideas, and shows how these trends can guide future industrial strategies at a time when more countries than ever before are competing for the rewards of technical ingenuity. Available in OSO: http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/oso/public/content/economicsfinance/9780195074772/toc.html

  • David Hackett Fischer

David Hackett Fischer, one of our most prominent historians, has garnered a reputation for making history come alive - even stories as familiar as Paul Revere's ride, or as complicated as the assimilation of British culture in North America. Now, in The Great Wave, Fischer has done it again, marshalling an astonishing array of historical facts in lucid and compelling prose to outline a history of prices - `the history of change', as Fischer puts it - covering the dazzling sweep of Western history from the medieval glory of Chartres to the modern day. Going far beyond the economic data, Fischer writes a powerful history of the people of the Western world: the economic patterns they lived in, and the politics, culture, and society that they created as a result. As he did in Albion's Seed and Paul Revere's Ride, two of the most talked-about history books in recent years, Fischer combines extensive research and meticulous scholarship with wonderfully evocative writing to create a book for scholars and general readers alike. Records of prices are more abundant than any other quantifiable data, and span the entire range of history, from tables of medieval grain prices to the overabundance of modern statistics. Fischer studies this wealth of data, creating a narrative that encompasses all of Western culture. He describes four waves of price revolutions, each beginning in a period of equilibrium: the High Middle Ages, the Renaissance, the Enlightenment, and finally the Victorian Age. Each revolution is marked by continuing inflation, a widening gap between rich and poor, increasing instability, and finally a crisis at the crest of the wave that is characterized by demographic contraction, social and political upheaval, and economic collapse. The most violent of these climaxes was the catastrophic fourteenth century, in which war, famine, and the Black Death devastated the continent - the only time in Europe's history that the population actually declined. Fischer also brilliantly illuminates how these long economic waves are closely intertwined with social and political events, affecting the very mindset of the people caught in them. The long periods of equilibrium are marked by cultural and intellectual movements - such as the Renaissance, the Enlightenment, and the Victorian Age - based on a belief in order and harmony and in the triumph of progress and reason. By contrast, the years of price revolution created a melancholy culture of despair. Fischer suggests that we are living now in the last stages of a price revolution that has been building since the turn of the century. The destabilizing price surges and declines and the diminished expectations the United States has suffered in recent years - and the famines and wars of other areas of the globe - are typical of the crest of a price revolution. He does not attempt to predict what will happen, noting that `uncertainty about the future is an inexorable fact of our condition'. Rather, he ends with a brilliant analysis of where we might go from here and what our choices are now. This book is essential reading for anyone concerned about the state of the world today.